Start menu won't open in Windows 10 Home

Recently my kids were complaining that they needed Microsoft Office for their school work, and libre office wasn't compatible enough with what they wanted to do.  So we had to get a new machine to have something that would run Windows.  Within the first week, one of the kids managed to do something to screw up his user profile to the point that it took several minutes to logon.  Once on, the start menu wouldn't open, half of the task bar tray icons weren't working, and none of them would give any menu's when right clicking.

In the event logs, they were full of ESENT events:

Event 465: ESENT

svchost (2972) TILEREPOSITORYS-1-5-21-1971466138-3024181641-1488003878-1003: Corruption was detected during soft recovery in logfile C:\Users\thekid\AppData\Local\TileDataLayer\Database\EDB.log. The failing checksum record is located at position END. Data not matching the log-file fill pattern first appeared in sector 279 (0x00000117). This logfile has been damaged and is unusable.

Event 477: ESENT

svchost (2972) TILEREPOSITORYS-1-5-21-1971466138-3024181641-1488003878-1003: The log range read from the file "C:\Users\thekid\AppData\Local\TileDataLayer\Database\EDB.log" at offset 1142784 (0x0000000000117000) for 4096 (0x00001000) bytes failed verification due to a range checksum mismatch.  The expected checksum was 9075318455674107058 (0x7df2020d660074b2) and the actual checksum was 9075318455674107058 (0x7df2020d660074b2). The read operation will fail with error -501 (0xfffffe0b).  If this condition persists then please restore the logfile from a previous backup.

Event 454: ESENT

svchost (2972) TILEREPOSITORYS-1-5-21-1971466138-3024181641-1488003878-1003: Database recovery/restore failed with unexpected error -501.

When I went into Settings -> Accounts -> Family & other users area to try to delete the account, the only options are change account type and block.  To actually delete it, I had to use the "Manage family settings online" option.  Under the more menu pull down, there is an option to remove from family.  This shifts the account from "Your Family" down to "Other Users", where you will have an option to remove them from the machine once you click on the name.  It takes a bit of time to wipe out their profile, but once its done, their user account folder is empty.

As some Microsoft people will write, user profile corruption really doesn't exist, but in reality it happens a lot.  Windows 10 seems to be pretty sensitive to it and fails catastrophically.  I wish schools would just use free office apps so we can stick to Linux.

There are several write ups that could help resolve this type of problem if you go searching for the specific event ID's above.  If you just search for the start button not working, the tips you may come across seem pretty useless.  Deleting a user account has its own issues (loss of data, or requirement to backup before doing so).  For some other methods of dealing with this issue check out this post.